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The Saudi Arabian Lifestyle A Guide for Expats

What Defines the Saudi Arabian Lifestyle?

The Saudi Arabian lifestyle is deeply influenced by its rich Islamic heritage and Bedouin traditions. The Saudi Arabian Bureau of Statistics reports that 97% of the population is Muslim1, underscoring the significance of religion in daily life. The rhythm of the day is set by the five daily prayers, known as Salah.

Traditional attire is integral to the Saudi lifestyle, with men wearing a ‘thobe’, a long white robe, and women donning an ‘abaya’, a black cloak. Hospitality is highly valued, symbolised by the serving of Arabic coffee, ‘gahwa’, and dates to guests.

The arid desert climate, with summer temperatures often exceeding 50C, impacts the lifestyle significantly. Activities are typically scheduled for cooler evening hours, and air conditioning is ubiquitous. The World Bank data reveals that Saudi Arabia receives less than 100mm of rainfall annually2, leading to a reliance on desalination and underground water sources.

Family and community are central to Saudi society. A 2019 survey by the General Authority for Statistics revealed that 74% of Saudis prefer to spend their leisure time with family, emphasising the importance of familial bonds.

How Does Living in Saudi Arabia Benefit Expats?

Saudi Arabia is a land of opportunity for expats, offering diverse job prospects in sectors such as oil, gas, construction, finance, healthcare, and education3. As Dr. Ali Al-Ghamdi, former head of the Saudi Expatriates Monitoring Committee, emphasises, “Saudi Arabia’s economic diversification opens doors for expat talent.

The country’s educational system is also well-equipped to cater to expats. Numerous international schools offer curricula from around the world, ensuring a seamless transition for expat children4. According to Dr. Maha Al-Sheikh, a Saudi education expert, “The presence of international schools reflects Saudi Arabia’s commitment to providing diverse educational opportunities.

Healthcare in Saudi Arabia is of a high standard, with state-of-the-art facilities and well-trained medical staff. Expats have access to both public and private healthcare services. Dr. Sarah Khan, a healthcare consultant in Riyadh, affirms, “Saudi Arabia’s healthcare system is robust and expats have access to excellent medical services.

What Challenges Might Expats Face in Saudi Arabia?

Living in Saudi Arabia as an expat presents unique challenges due to cultural differences and language barriers5. The country’s conservative society, deeply rooted in Islamic traditions, requires expats to navigate strict dress codes and restrictions on public displays of affection.

Language can also be a barrier, as Arabic is the official language, and daily life and interactions may be challenging without knowledge of Arabic. Expats should be aware of and respect the strict laws and penalties in Saudi Arabia, such as the complete ban on alcohol and the conservative nature of the society.

Safety is generally not a major concern for expats in Saudi Arabia, as the country has low crime rates. However, expats should be mindful of the strict laws and penalties. Alcohol is completely banned, and its possession can lead to severe punishment. Expats should also be aware of the conservative nature of the society and adhere to local customs and regulations.

In terms of health, expats should take precautions during the Hajj pilgrimage due to the risk of diseases spreading in crowded conditions6. Additionally, occasional outbreaks of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) have been reported in Saudi Arabia.

How Does the Cost of Living in Saudi Arabia Compare to Other Countries?

The cost of living in Saudi Arabia is relatively lower compared to many Western countries, but slightly higher than some Asian countries7. Housing costs vary greatly, with a one-bedroom apartment in the city centre costing around SAR 1,500 to SAR 3,000 per month, while a similar property outside the city centre may cost between SAR 1,000 and SAR 2,000.

Transportation is quite affordable, with a one-way local transport ticket costing around SAR 3 and petrol priced at approximately SAR 2 per litre. Food costs are reasonable, with a meal at an inexpensive restaurant costing around SAR 15 to SAR 25, and a three-course meal for two at a mid-range restaurant costing around SAR 100 to SAR 200.

To save money, expats can consider living outside the city centre where rents are lower, utilising public transportation or carpooling, and shopping at local markets for fresh produce. Cooking at home instead of eating out and taking advantage of discounts during sales and promotions at supermarkets and shopping malls can also help stretch the budget further8.

What Should Expats Know About the Healthcare System in Saudi Arabia?

Saudi Arabia’s healthcare system offers both public and private options9. Public healthcare, funded by the government, provides free services to Saudi nationals, while expats may need to pay a nominal fee. However, public hospitals often have long wait times. Private healthcare, on the other hand, offers high-quality care with shorter wait times, but at a higher cost. Expats are required by law to have health insurance, usually provided by their employer10. The Council of Cooperative Health Insurance (CCHI) regulates health insurance in Saudi Arabia and offers a range of plans to suit different needs. Comparing the healthcare system in Saudi Arabia to expats’ home countries, there are several differences to consider. Unlike countries with universal healthcare systems like the UK or Canada, healthcare in Saudi Arabia is not free for all residents. However, the quality of care, particularly in private facilities, is often comparable to Western standards. Dr. Ahmed Alaskar, Executive Director at King Abdullah International Medical Research centre, advises expats to carefully evaluate their options to ensure they receive the care they require.

How Does the Education System in Saudi Arabia Cater to Expats?

The education system in Saudi Arabia offers diverse options for expats, including public, private, and international schools11. Public schools, primarily catering to Saudi nationals and providing instruction in Arabic, are less suitable for expats due to the language barrier. Conversely, private and international schools, preferred by expats, offer various curricula, including those of the UK, US, and International Baccalaureate, all taught in English.

International schools, particularly abundant in major cities like Riyadh and Jeddah, provide a familiar educational environment for expat children, easing their transition. They offer diverse curricula, ensuring continuity of education in a style similar to their home countries.

Comparatively, the Saudi education system, with its emphasis on religious and Arabic studies, may appear rigid to expats. Its focus on rote memorization and conformity may contrast with the inquiry-based approach common in many Western education systems. However, the Saudi government is implementing reforms to modernise the curriculum, making it more balanced, inclusive, and aligned with international standards12.

Despite differences in teaching methods and cultural emphasis, the availability of private and international schools offers expat families a comparable alternative, enabling them to choose an education style that aligns with their preferences and expectations.

What Job Opportunities are Available for Expats in Saudi Arabia?

Saudi Arabia presents a plethora of job opportunities for expats, particularly in sectors such as oil and gas, construction, healthcare, education, and IT13. These industries have a high demand for skilled workers. For instance, the oil and gas industry constantly requires engineers, geologists, and drilling supervisors. Similarly, the healthcare sector seeks medical professionals to meet the growing demand for quality healthcare services.

Fluency in English, professional qualifications, and relevant experience are highly valued. While knowledge of Arabic can be advantageous, it is not always a requirement. The employment system in Saudi Arabia, governed by the unique sponsorship (Kafala) system, differs from many other countries. Under this system, expats must have a local sponsor, usually their employer, responsible for their visa and legal status. However, recent reforms under the Saudi Vision 2030 aim to provide more flexibility and rights to expat workers. Despite the “Saudization” policy, expats constitute approximately 77% of the country’s private sector workforce14, indicating the ongoing demand for skilled expats.

What are the Legal Requirements for Expats Living in Saudi Arabia?

Expats planning to live in Saudi Arabia must fulfil several legal requirements. Firstly, they need a valid passport, a visa, and a residence permit (Iqama)15. The type of visa depends on the purpose of stay, with work visas typically requiring a sponsor, usually an employer.

According to legal expert, Ahmed Al-Jubran, “Expats need to secure an Iqama, or residency permit, within 90 days of arrival. This document is crucial for accessing services like banking and healthcare.”16

Saudi Arabia operates under Sharia law, which may differ significantly from Western legal systems. For instance, alcohol consumption is strictly prohibited, and non-compliance can lead to severe penalties. The public practice of any religion other than Islam is prohibited, and women are required to wear an abaya in public17.

As expat Jane Thompson shares, “Understanding and respecting the local customs and laws is not just a legal necessity, but also key to a smooth transition into Saudi society.”18

How Can Expats Navigate Cultural Differences in Saudi Arabia?

Navigating cultural differences in Saudi Arabia, a country deeply rooted in Islamic traditions, requires understanding and respect for local customs19. Expats should be aware of religious norms such as the five daily prayers and the holy month of Ramadan. Modest dress is expected, particularly for women who should cover their shoulders and knees in public.

Compared to Western cultures, Saudi Arabia is more conservative, valuing collectivism and formality. Decisions are often made collectively, and relationships are highly valued. Expats may need to adjust their communication and negotiation styles accordingly.

To respect these norms, expats can participate in local customs, dress modestly, and schedule business around prayer times. Learning some Arabic phrases can also be beneficial.

Social etiquette is also crucial. For instance, the left hand is considered unclean, so always use the right hand for eating or handing over items. Public displays of affection are frowned upon and could lead to legal issues20.

Building relationships is essential in Saudi Arabia, and expats should take the time to cultivate connections. Accepting invitations to social events and showing interest in local customs and traditions can go a long way in building rapport.

What are the Best Cities for Expats to Live in Saudi Arabia?

Riyadh, Jeddah, and Khobar are often considered the best cities for expats in Saudi Arabia, each offering a unique blend of tradition and modernity21. Riyadh, the capital, is a hub for business and finance, with luxurious neighbourhoods like Al Olaya and Al Sulaimaniyah. Jeddah, on the Red Sea coast, offers a relaxed lifestyle, with popular expat neighbourhoods like Al Salamah and Al Zahraa. Khobar, in the Eastern Province, is a gateway to the oil industry, with thriving expat communities in areas like Al Rakah and Al Bandariyah.

Compared to other Saudi cities, these offer a higher standard of living and better infrastructure, but also a higher cost of living. According to Numbeo, the cost of living in Riyadh is 16.81% higher than in Dammam22. However, the Mercer Quality of Living Survey ranks Riyadh 164th globally, indicating a good quality of life. Expats should consider these factors, alongside local customs and laws, when choosing a city to live in.

What are the Housing Options for Expats in Saudi Arabia?

Expats in Saudi Arabia have a variety of housing options to choose from, including apartments, villas, and compound housing23. Apartments are the most common and affordable choice, while villas offer more space and privacy. Compound housing, popular among expats, provides a secure community environment with shared amenities.

To secure housing, expats often turn to real estate agents or online property portals. Rental agreements typically span one year, with the full year’s rent often required upfront. However, many employers provide housing allowances to offset this expense.

The Saudi housing market differs from many expats’ home countries. Prices can be high, particularly in major cities like Riyadh or Jeddah. However, the government’s investment in the real estate sector has increased the availability of high-quality housing options24.

As Abdulaziz Alajlan, a Riyadh-based real estate expert, advises, understanding the housing system is crucial for expats to navigate the market successfully. “Thoroughly reviewing the terms and conditions of the rental agreement is crucial to avoid any misunderstandings,” he says.

What are the Key Takeaways for Expats Considering a Move to Saudi Arabia?

For expats considering a move to Saudi Arabia, it is crucial to understand the country’s strict adherence to Islamic law and conservative societal norms25. This includes dress codes, gender segregation, and prayer times. Language can also be a barrier, with Arabic as the primary language, but English is widely spoken in business circles. The cost of living, particularly in major cities, can be relatively high, with housing being the most significant expense. However, the absence of income tax can offset this.

Expats have access to various resources to ease their transition, including expat communities like InterNations and websites like Expat.com. The Saudi government’s “Qiwa” platform provides services for expats, including visa assistance and legal advice.

To maximise their experience, expats should immerse themselves in the local culture. This can be achieved by visiting historic sites, trying traditional Saudi cuisine, and attending local festivals. Saudi Arabia’s strategic location also offers opportunities for travel to nearby countries in Africa, Asia, and Europe, allowing expats to broaden their horizons.

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